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Aristolochia littoralis

Parodi (1878)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Magnoliids Order: Piperales Family: Aristolochiaceae Genus: Aristolochia

calico flower

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Vigorous lianas.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades cordate–reniform, 7–9 cm long, 6–10 cm wide. Upper surfaces green; lower surfaces glaucous. Margins usually entire. Palmately veined. Petiolate. Pseudostipules auriculate or surrounding the stem. True stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary in the leaf axils. Flowers bisexual (perfect), zygomorphic, greenish yellow and dark blackish purple, the tube bent, ca. 3 cm long, the limb unlobed, disk-shaped, ca. 10 cm in diameter, abruptly spreading from the tube. Calyx 3-merous, petaloid, S-shaped or U-shaped, ± 3-lobed at summit or straight and with a single unilateral terminal lobe. Corolla of 3 petals, small or vestigial, or absent. Stamens 6; anthers sessile, adnate to stylar column.; gymnostemium 8 mm high, 5 mm wide. Ovary inferior or partly so, 4–6-carpellate, with as many cells, sometimes partitions incomplete; ovules numerous, on axile or parietal placentas, anatropous.

Fruit: Capsules cylindrical; 4.5 cm long; 2.5 cm in diameter. Seeds numerous; flat; ca. 6 mm long.

Ploidy: 2n = 14; 16

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Pollinators

Notes

  • 1922
  • Description digitized by Pumehana
  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Native range obscure, but probably from South America; in Hawai'i cultivated, occasionally escaping and now sparingly naturalized at least in the Pearl Harbor area, O'ahu
  • Native range obscure, but probably from South America; in Hawai‘i cultivated, occasionally escaping and now sparingly naturalized.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 5: 155 (1878)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:237 (O); Imada et al. 2000:10 (K); Starr et al. 2003:25 (EM); Staples & Herbst 2005:139 (DESCR); Oppenheimer 2007:19 (WM)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Aristolochia littoralis Wahiawa PPCA Exp. Station wire fence Preserved_Specimen flowers single, axillary, white and purple blotched; fruit with 6 locules Siu, R. Oahu BISH 1940-12-12
2 Aristolochia littoralis Wahiawa, PPCA Exp. Station wire fence Preserved_Specimen flowers singe, axillary, white and purple blotched; fruit dry, six locules, septicidal dehiscence in proximal half, beaked like Siu, R. Oahu BISH 1940-12-12
3 Aristolochia littoralis Tantalus road ca 800 m uphill from the end of the Makiki Heights housing development Moist shady area under Eucalypus Preserved_Specimen Somewhat common along road, ca 5 patches several meters wide each. Flowers were not common Faccenda, K. 2069 Oahu BISH 2021-08-01
4 Aristolochia littoralis Hauula fence Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8851 Oahu BISH 1922-08-16
5 Aristolochia littoralis Waianae Mts., Punapohaku. Associated canopy: Psydrax odorata, Aleurites moluccana, Leucaena leucocephala, Chrysodracon forbesii. Understory: Rivina humilis, Cyclosorus dentatus, Urochloa maxima. Preserved_Specimen Vine. Ca. 12 plants; no seedlings seen. Leaves heart-shaped. Flowers weird. Frt/seeds spiny. Looks like it is naturalizing, Found in remote locality. Heintzman, S. 444 Oahu BISH 2016-05-23
6 Aristolochia littoralis East Maui, Kipahulu, near Haou Growing on rock walls and along rd. Preserved_Specimen Vine; leaves dull green, spade- shaped; flowers purple-&-white- speckled. Starr, F. 11213 Maui BISH 2000-11-21
7 Aristolochia littoralis Olaa Winsley garden Preserved_Specimen vine, pipes white, purple marked Fosberg, F.R. 10056 Hawaii BISH 1933-08-28
8 Aristolochia littoralis Honolulu garden Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 8853 Oahu BISH 1931-06-10
9 Aristolochia littoralis West Maui, Wailuku District, Waihee Dunes In alien, secondary lowland forest. Preserved_Specimen Naturalized vines climbing adjacent vegetation; flowers dark purple and green. Oppenheimer, H.L. 40719 Maui BISH 2007-04-11
10 Aristolochia littoralis Pawaa, 1617 Young St Preserved_Specimen Weedy vine. All parts with a foul, acrid odor Imada, C. Oahu BISH 1985-07-30
11 Aristolochia littoralis Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus; courtyard of St. John Hall Climbing on a trellis receiving full sun for part of the day. Preserved_Specimen Flower white mottled with cardinal red with cirton in the throat and a black area just outside of the throat opening. Lau, J. 1278 Oahu BISH 1985-07-29
12 Aristolochia littoralis Tantalus Dr, lower eucalyptus area above Leucaena scrub Shady understory Preserved_Specimen Common Faccenda, K. 1845 Oahu BISH 2021-05-22
13 Aristolochia littoralis Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, courtyard of St. John Hall Climbing on a trellis receiving full sun for part of the day. Preserved_Specimen Flower white mottled with cardinal red with cirton in the throat and a black area just outside of the throat opening. Lau, J. 1278 Oahu BISH 1985-07-29
14 Aristolochia littoralis S shore, Kapalawai, makai of Hwy 50 In opening of hot, dry Pithecellobium/Prosopis forest vining on dead kiawe trunk. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 995 Kauai BISH 1999-03-06
15 Aristolochia littoralis Kealia Salt Marsh Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Maui BISH 1990-02-15
16 Aristolochia littoralis Kealia Salt Marsh Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Maui BISH 1990-02-15
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